Vanessa Kirby is expecting! If you caught her beaming glow during the Fantastic Four: First Steps press tour, you know this wasn’t just a career milestone — it’s a life-changing moment for the actress as she prepares for motherhood. But beyond the Hollywood headlines and glowing maternity outfits, Vanessa’s story opens up a fresh perspective on the evolving paths to parenthood. Curious? Stick around, because this tale isn’t just about celebrity baby bumps — it’s about the future of fertility, and yep, it might just change how you think about conception.

The Pregnant Pause We All Needed

You might be asking, why are we zooming in on Vanessa Kirby’s pregnancy? Well, for starters, she’s one of many women today openly sharing their parenting journeys — and that visibility is so refreshing. Plus, her situation shines a spotlight on something quietly revolutionizing the fertility scene: at-home insemination.

While Vanessa and her partner Paul Rabil’s story is personal, it’s also a springboard for discussing the game-changing options available to anyone dreaming of a family. Maybe you’ve heard whispers about it — the idea of taking fertility into your own hands, literally.

Unpacking At-Home Fertility: More Than Just a Trend

At-home insemination kits have come a long way from their DIY reputation. Today, companies like MakeAMom are crafting sophisticated, reusable kits designed for a variety of needs — whether that’s working with low motility sperm, handling frozen samples, or accommodating sensitivities like vaginismus.

Think about it: the traditional path of multiple clinic visits, impersonal procedures, and sky-high bills can be overwhelming. What if you could reclaim your time, privacy, and comfort — all while maintaining a high success rate? MakeAMom reports an impressive 67% average success with their systems, which is pretty incredible considering the ease and discretion they offer.

Why At-Home Insemination Might Be the Secret Sauce

You might wonder, “Is this for me?” Here’s the thing: not everyone’s journey to parenthood looks the same. Some face low sperm motility, others deal with sensitive conditions, and plenty simply prefer the convenience of home. Kits like the CryoBaby, Impregnator, and BabyMaker cover these bases with reusable tools that are as practical as they are user-friendly.

And here’s the kicker — privacy. No more awkward conversations at the clinic reception desk or rushed appointments. Instead, you’re in control, in your space, with discretion guaranteed (all MakeAMom packages arrive with no identifying info).

Lessons from Vanessa: Openness Fuels Progress

Vanessa Kirby’s open embrace of her pregnancy may be sparking more than fan excitement — it’s prompting a cultural shift toward transparency in fertility. When celebrities share their real-life stories, it normalizes the challenges and triumphs of conception.

So whether your path involves clinics, adoption, or at-home options like MakeAMom’s kits, the takeaway is clear: there’s no one-size-fits-all. Having multiple avenues empowers you to find what fits best for your unique story.

What’s Next on Your Parenthood Path?

Feeling inspired or intrigued? If you’re exploring your options and want to peek under the hood of at-home insemination, check out resources that break down the process, success stories, and product details. The landscape is evolving, and companies like MakeAMom are leading the charge in making conception accessible, affordable, and, dare I say, a little bit fun.

To Wrap It Up...

Vanessa Kirby’s pregnancy announcement is more than just a celebrity scoop — it’s a beacon lighting up the diverse, modern ways people are choosing to grow their families. Whether through cutting-edge medical treatments or innovative at-home kits, the dream of parenthood is becoming more attainable for everyone.

So, what’s your next step? Are you ready to take control of your fertility journey in a way that fits you? Dive deeper into the options, and maybe you’ll find that your very own “secret weapon” is closer — and easier — than you thought.

For a deeper dive into Vanessa and Paul’s story, check out the original article here. And when you’re ready to explore innovative fertility solutions that fit your lifestyle, see how MakeAMom’s home insemination kits are reshaping the journey to parenthood — all from the comfort of your own home.

What do you think about at-home insemination? Ever considered it? Share your thoughts and questions below — let’s get the conversation started!

Vanessa Kirby glowing on the red carpet is making waves for more than just her stunning style — it’s sparking an important conversation about fertility and pregnancy in today’s world.

On July 8th, Vanessa Kirby, the acclaimed actress known for her compelling performances, made headlines as she proudly displayed her baby bump at the premiere of The Fantastic Four - First Steps in Berlin. At 37, Vanessa’s radiant appearance and confident embrace of pregnancy have fans and experts alike talking—not just about celebrity pregnancies, but about the diverse paths people take to parenthood today.

Why Vanessa’s Pregnancy Moment Matters More Than You Think

You might ask, why does Vanessa’s pregnancy glow on the red carpet resonate so deeply in 2025? It’s because her story reflects a larger cultural shift: the increasing visibility and normalization of fertility challenges, alternative conception methods, and the empowerment of personal choice.

While some celebrities have quietly navigated their journeys, Vanessa’s openness provides a breath of fresh air. It shines a spotlight on the reality that many individuals and couples face—whether it’s trying naturally for months, turning to medical treatments, or exploring home-based options.

Fertility Today: More Options, More Control

When Vanessa Kirby shares her pregnancy journey, knowingly or not, she becomes part of a movement that encourages conversations around the realities of conception. For many, the path isn’t always straightforward. This is where innovative solutions like at-home insemination kits come in.

At-home insemination has grown significantly as a discreet, cost-effective, and user-friendly option for those seeking pregnancy outside traditional clinical settings. Companies such as MakeAMom have been pioneers in this area, offering specialized reusable kits tailored to unique needs:

• CryoBaby: Designed for those working with low-volume or frozen sperm.
• Impregnator: Ideal when dealing with low motility sperm challenges.
• BabyMaker: Created for users with sensitivities or specific conditions like vaginismus.

This array of options allows people to take control of their fertility journey in the comfort of their own home, reducing stress and increasing accessibility. With an impressive average success rate of 67%, these kits are not just a hopeful alternative—they’re a proven approach.

The Empowerment of Privacy and Convenience

One of the biggest barriers to fertility treatments has been the feeling of vulnerability or lack of privacy. MakeAMom recognizes this by discreetly packaging all shipments without identifying information, making the process more comfortable and less stigmatizing. This respect for privacy, combined with expert guidance available on their website, equips hopeful parents with the knowledge and confidence they need.

What Can We Learn from Vanessa’s Journey?

Vanessa’s public embrace of her pregnancy invites us all to rethink how we view fertility struggles and successes. Whether you’re just starting your journey or have faced setbacks, her example reminds us that every path is valid and worthy of celebration.

Moreover, it spotlights the importance of exploring all available options. If you’re curious about at-home insemination and how it might fit into your family-building plans, it’s worth learning more about the resources and kits offered by trusted providers like MakeAMom. Their comprehensive support and innovative products are part of why more people are experiencing the joy of pregnancy on their own terms.

Final Thoughts: What’s Your Fertility Story?

The roads to parenthood are as diverse as the families they create. Vanessa Kirby’s baby bump is more than a moment on the red carpet—it’s a beacon of hope, empowerment, and visibility for many.

Are you considering at-home fertility solutions or wondering if this path could be right for you? Exploring credible, user-friendly options could change your journey in unexpected and wonderful ways.

Take the first step by visiting MakeAMom’s website to discover how their kits are transforming the fertility landscape by bringing clinical-quality technology into your home.

For more on Vanessa’s inspiring pregnancy moment, check out the original article on E! Online.

What are your thoughts on the growing visibility of diverse fertility journeys? Have you or someone you know explored at-home insemination? Share your experiences or questions in the comments below — let’s support each other on this path to parenthood.

Vanessa Kirby is captivating us all — and not just for her acting. The star recently stepped onto the red carpet in Berlin flaunting a stunning baby bump that’s been the talk of the town. Her glowing presence at the premiere of The Fantastic Four - First Steps is more than just a celebrity moment; it’s a beacon of hope and inspiration for countless individuals and couples navigating the complex journey to parenthood. If you haven’t caught the buzz yet, you can check out the original article here: Pregnant Vanessa Kirby Shows Off Baby Bump on Red Carpet.

But beyond the glitz and glamour, Vanessa’s pregnancy highlights a much larger narrative unfolding today — the rise of accessible, empowering, and cost-effective alternatives for conception, like at-home insemination kits. These tools are revolutionizing fertility journeys worldwide, opening doors for people who, for various reasons, may not opt for traditional clinical fertility treatments.

Why Vanessa’s Glow Resonates with More Than Just Fans

Vanessa Kirby’s radiant pregnancy moments symbolize optimism in a world where fertility struggles affect a staggering number of people. Her public celebration of pregnancy reminds us that motherhood can come in many beautiful forms, and the path there is increasingly personalized.

• It's about choice: Whether you’re a single parent-by-choice, part of an LGBTQ+ couple, or simply exploring alternative routes to conception, modern solutions are evolving to meet diverse needs.
• Empowerment through technology: The ability to take control of your fertility journey from the comfort of your home is nothing short of revolutionary.

So, how exactly can you harness these new options? Let's dive deeper.

The Game-Changing Rise of At-Home Insemination Kits

Imagine a fertility solution that is discreet, affordable, and tailored to your unique biological needs — that’s exactly what companies like MakeAMom are delivering. Specializing in at-home insemination kits, MakeAMom offers products designed to support conception outside the traditional clinical setting.

Here’s why this matters:

• Personalized kits for different needs: Whether you’re dealing with low sperm motility or using frozen sperm samples, MakeAMom’s range (including CryoBaby, Impregnator, and BabyMaker kits) caters to diverse requirements.
• Cost-effective and reusable: Unlike disposable alternatives, these kits are made to be reusable, which offers tremendous long-term savings.
• Privacy and discretion assured: All shipments come with plain packaging, ensuring your journey remains personal and confidential.

Success Rates That Offer Real Hope

Perhaps the most compelling reason to consider at-home insemination is effectiveness. MakeAMom reports an average success rate of 67% among users — a promising figure for an at-home solution that puts reproductive choices directly in your hands.

This means more people can experience the joy Vanessa Kirby embodies on that Berlin red carpet, without the physical, emotional, and financial strain often associated with clinical fertility treatments.

Taking Control: What Should You Consider?

Are you thinking about at-home insemination? Here are some points to ponder:

• Consult a healthcare provider: While at-home kits offer convenience, professional guidance ensures your approach aligns with your health needs.
• Understand your fertility profile: Knowing details like sperm quality or ovulation timing can increase your chances of success.
• Patience and persistence: Like any fertility journey, it sometimes takes time — but with the right tools and mindset, your dream is entirely within reach.

Bringing It All Together

Vanessa Kirby’s public pregnancy journey isn’t just a celebrity snapshot; it's a powerful narrative that reflects broader societal shifts. More people than ever are embracing non-traditional paths to parenthood, and technology like at-home insemination kits is at the forefront of this change.

If you want to explore these innovative options further, you might find this resource from MakeAMom incredibly informative. Their commitment to empowering individuals and couples with accessible, user-friendly fertility solutions aligns perfectly with the new era of personalized reproductive health.

Your Turn: What’s Your Take?

Watching Vanessa Kirby’s pregnancy glow might inspire you — but how will you take that inspiration forward? Have you considered or tried at-home insemination? What challenges or hopes do you have on your fertility journey? Share your thoughts and experiences below. Let’s build a community where all paths to parenthood are celebrated and supported.

After all, every journey begins with hope and the courage to explore new possibilities. And who knows? Your story might be the next beacon of inspiration for someone else.

Vanessa Kirby just stole the spotlight—not just as an actress, but as a glowing example of pregnancy confidence and empowerment. At a recent event in Berlin, the 37-year-old star embraced her baby bump with such natural grace that it sparked inspiration for anyone on the journey to parenthood. But beyond the glamour of red carpets and headlines, Vanessa’s radiant moment reminds us all: your path to becoming a parent can be just as beautiful, empowering, and uniquely yours.

Have you ever wondered what it really means to take control of your fertility journey? For many, it’s about more than just medical appointments and clinics—it's about reclaiming hope, autonomy, and joy in one of life’s most profound experiences. And with innovations like at-home insemination kits, individuals and couples now have accessible, discreet tools to try conception in the comfort and privacy of their own homes.

Why Vanessa Kirby’s Baby Bump Moment Matters More Than You Think

Sure, celebrities often seem untouchable, but Vanessa Kirby showing off her bump in a simple yet stunning way makes a powerful statement: pregnancy is a celebration, no matter your story or struggles. Many people face challenges on the road to conception—from fertility difficulties to personal or financial barriers.

So, seeing someone like Vanessa embrace her pregnancy publicly helps dismantle stigma and invites us to believe in the possibilities ahead.

Empowerment Through Accessible Fertility Solutions

This is where companies like MakeAMom come into the picture. They offer at-home insemination kits designed to support a variety of fertility needs quietly and affordably. Whether someone is dealing with low motility sperm or conditions like vaginismus, these kits (like CryoBaby, Impregnator, and BabyMaker) provide tailored options to increase the chances of conception outside clinical settings.

Imagine having the power to take steps toward parenthood on your own terms—reusable kits shipped discreetly, a success rate that rivals many clinical options, and complete privacy. This kind of innovation is life-changing for many hopeful parents.

The Magic of Taking Control in Your Own Space

Trying to conceive shouldn’t feel like a battle zone. With at-home insemination:

• You gain comfort and familiarity in your environment.
• You cultivate emotional wellness by reducing the stress and pressure of medical visits.
• You foster intimacy and connection with your partner in new, meaningful ways.

Feeling empowered through the process can be as transformative as the moment you see those two little lines on a pregnancy test.

Turning Inspiration into Action

What if Vanessa’s glowing bump could be a beacon for you, lighting the way to explore options that suit your unique journey? Whether you’re just starting to explore fertility or you’ve been navigating challenges for years, opening yourself to alternative paths is courageous.

If you’re curious about how at-home insemination kits work or want to learn more about personalizing your fertility approach, visiting resources like MakeAMom’s website offers detailed guidance, client testimonials, and expert advice to help you consider your options with confidence.

Your Journey, Your Story

Every path to parenthood is beautifully personal. It’s filled with ups and downs, hope and resilience, tears and laughter. Just like Vanessa Kirby’s moment on the red carpet, your journey can be a testament to strength, courage, and the joy of creating new life.

So, what will your next step be? Will you let this moment inspire you to explore new possibilities? Share your thoughts below or connect with our community to keep the conversation—and hope—alive.

Together, we celebrate every story, every bump, and every miracle waiting to happen.

For the original inspiration behind this post, check out Vanessa Kirby’s radiant pregnancy moment here.

Vanessa Kirby just made pregnancy look absolutely stunning — and her glowing baby bump on the red carpet isn’t just a fashion statement; it's a beacon of hope for countless hopeful parents navigating their own fertility journeys.

At a recent event in Berlin, the award-winning actress confidently showcased her pregnancy glow, reminding us that the path to parenthood can be as beautiful and empowering as it is deeply personal. But for many, that path isn’t always straightforward, and the traditional medical route isn’t the only way forward. Have you ever wondered if there’s a way to take control, bring that dream home, and create a welcoming space for new life without the intimidating clinical visits?

This is where a rising trend in fertility solutions — at-home insemination — is transforming the experience for individuals and couples worldwide. Just as Vanessa celebrates her pregnancy proudly, thousands are discovering that with the right tools and support, conception can happen on their own terms, right in their own homes.

Why At-Home Insemination is Gaining Momentum

The idea of home insemination might sound daunting or unfamiliar at first. However, it’s becoming a game-changer, especially for people facing unique fertility challenges, such as low sperm motility or specific sensitivities like vaginismus. What’s truly inspiring is that these solutions aren’t just theoretical; they are practical, accessible, and designed with care to maximize your chances of success.

Take, for instance, the innovative products offered by MakeAMom. Their insemination kits — including the specialized CryoBaby for frozen sperm, the Impregnator for low motility sperm, and the BabyMaker for those with sensitivities — empower users to take a proactive role in their conception journey. And the best part? These kits are reusable, discreetly shipped, and significantly more cost-effective than disposable alternatives.

The Emotional Power of Taking Control

Vanessa Kirby’s public celebration of pregnancy taps into a universal longing — the desire to feel powerful, hopeful, and connected to the miracle of life. For many, taking matters into their own hands through home insemination kindles that same sense of empowerment, turning anxiety into action.

Imagine the comfort of intimacy, privacy, and timing that comes from conducting your attempts in a familiar, stress-free environment. Science backs this up too: MakeAMom reports an impressive 67% average success rate among clients using their kits. That means a whole lot of hopeful parents are turning dreams into realities, all while skipping the uncomfortable waits and uncertainties of clinical settings.

What Can You Learn From Vanessa’s Journey?

While Vanessa Kirby’s journey is uniquely hers, her radiant presence reminds us all that pregnancy—and the journey to it—is something to celebrate, cherish, and embrace, no matter the path taken. If you’re exploring your fertility options, remember that you have choices that align with your needs, lifestyle, and comfort.

Ready to Embrace Your Path?

If the idea of creating your own nurturing space for conception speaks to you, it might be time to explore at-home options like those from trusted pioneers in the field. The MakeAMom website offers invaluable resources, testimonials, and detailed information on their range of kits designed to meet diverse fertility needs.

Ultimately, Vanessa’s pregnancy glow is a radiant reminder of hope and possibility. No matter where you are on your journey, remember that your story is powerful — and with the right support, your dream of parenthood is within reach.

So, what’s stopping you from stepping into your own empowering path to parenthood? Share your thoughts, experiences, or questions below — let’s celebrate this journey together!

Inspired by Vanessa Kirby’s inspiring story as featured on E! Online, a true testament to the beauty and strength of pregnancy.

Vanessa Kirby just made pregnancy look so stunning on the Berlin red carpet. At 37, the actress showcased her baby bump with a radiant glow, proving once again that the journey to parenthood is as diverse as it is beautiful. But beyond the glamour, her moment sparks a broader conversation about the evolving ways people are conceiving — especially at home.

You might be wondering, why connect a Hollywood pregnancy reveal to at-home fertility solutions? The answer lies in the remarkable shift towards more accessible, private, and cost-effective methods of conception like home insemination kits. Recent trends suggest that more individuals and couples are exploring these options thanks to advances in reproductive technology and societal acceptance.

What’s Driving the Shift Toward At-Home Insemination?

The stigma around fertility struggles is dissipating, making room for open dialogues and innovative solutions. Vanessa Kirby’s public celebration of her pregnancy is a beacon for many who are on their own paths to parenthood — whether that’s through natural conception, assisted reproductive technology, or at-home methods.

Data from organizations specializing in at-home insemination, such as MakeAMom, reveal an average success rate of 67% among users. This is a compelling figure when weighed against the emotional, financial, and time investments that traditional clinical procedures often demand.

But not all insemination kits are created equal. MakeAMom's product line addresses specific fertility challenges:

• CryoBaby Kit: Designed for low-volume or frozen sperm samples, optimizing usability and success.
• Impregnator Kit: Tailored for low motility sperm, enhancing the chances of fertilization.
• BabyMaker Kit: Ideal for users dealing with sensitivities or conditions like vaginismus, ensuring a comfortable experience.

All kits are reusable and discreetly packaged — a nod to privacy concerns frequently expressed by prospective parents.

Why Choose At-Home Fertility Solutions?

1. Affordability: Clinical treatments can be prohibitively expensive. Reusable kits from companies like MakeAMom provide a budget-friendly alternative without skimping on efficacy.

2. Convenience: Timing can be everything in conception. At-home kits allow couples to try insemination during optimal fertility windows without the logistical headaches of clinic appointments.

3. Privacy: For many, fertility is a deeply personal matter. Discreet packaging and the ability to perform procedures in the comfort of one’s own home reduce stress and anxiety.

4. Control: People appreciate being active participants in their fertility journey. Having direct access to insemination tools empowers users with choice and autonomy.

The Broader Implications on Parenthood Paths

Vanessa Kirby's joyful pregnancy reveal is emblematic of a cultural moment where parenthood is becoming increasingly inclusive and multifaceted. At-home insemination is part of a broader spectrum of options that cater to a variety of personal circumstances, from single parenthood to LGBTQ+ family building and everything in between.

Moreover, the sustained success rates reported by companies like MakeAMom challenge the notion that fertility assistance must be clinical and inaccessible. This democratization is reshaping how people think about conception, breaking down barriers and opening doors for those previously daunted by traditional methods.

What Should You Consider if Exploring At-Home Insemination?

• Understand Your Fertility Profile: Different kits cater to different needs. For instance, if sperm motility is a concern, specialized kits like the Impregnator might be best.

• Follow Instructions Rigorously: Success correlates strongly with adherence to usage guidelines.

• Track Ovulation: Utilizing ovulation predictor kits or fertility monitoring apps can increase success rates by pinpointing the best timing.

• Consult Professionals When Needed: While at-home options are empowering, professional guidance can provide invaluable support, especially if initial attempts don’t succeed.

Wrapping It Up: The Future of Fertility Is Personalized — and Home-Based

Vanessa Kirby’s pregnancy moment is more than just a celebrity update; it’s a reflection of a societal shift toward embracing diverse conception journeys. The rise of at-home insemination kits, supported by promising data and innovative product designs, is turning what once seemed like a clinical hurdle into a manageable, hopeful process for many.

If this resonates with you or someone you know, exploring comprehensive and accessible options like those offered by MakeAMom could be a transformative step on your path to parenthood.

What do you think about the growing role of at-home insemination in today's fertility landscape? Have you or someone close tried it? Share your thoughts and experiences — let’s keep the conversation going!

Vanessa Kirby Stuns with Baby Bump on the Red Carpet – But What Does This Mean for Aspiring Parents Everywhere?

When Vanessa Kirby graced the Berlin red carpet on July 8, 2025, proudly showing off her baby bump, she wasn’t just making a fashion statement—she was shining a light on the deeply personal and evolving journey of pregnancy. At 37, the celebrated actress radiated confidence and joy, inspiring countless individuals and couples dreaming of parenthood.

But here’s the twist: while Vanessa’s pregnancy was celebrated through the traditional lens of celebrity culture, many aspiring parents are carving out new, more private, and empowering paths to pregnancy—paths that don’t always involve hospitals or fertility clinics.

Why Vanessa’s Moment Matters Beyond the Spotlight

Vanessa Kirby’s radiant display of pregnancy on a global stage is a powerful reminder that the journey to parenthood is uniquely personal. It also highlights an important truth: pregnancy, while joyful, can be complex. For many, the road is filled with challenges like fertility issues, timing difficulties, or medical conditions.

This is where the conversation expands from celebrity pregnancies to real-world solutions accessible to all.

The Rise of At-Home Fertility Solutions

Have you ever wondered if there’s a more private, affordable, and flexible way to approach conception? The answer is yes—and it’s gaining momentum. At-home insemination kits have emerged as a game-changing solution for those wanting greater control over their fertility journey.

Companies like MakeAMom have revolutionized this space by providing specialized kits designed for various fertility needs:

• CryoBaby for low-volume or frozen sperm
• Impregnator tailored for low motility sperm
• BabyMaker crafted for users dealing with sensitivities such as vaginismus

What sets these kits apart? They’re reusable, cost-effective compared to disposable alternatives, and discreetly packaged to protect privacy—a key factor for many users.

Success Rates That Inspire Confidence

Skeptical about at-home methods? Understandably! Yet, MakeAMom reports an impressive average success rate of 67% among users, a statistic that’s reshaping perceptions around home-based fertility options.

This success is bolstered by detailed guides, valuable testimonials, and support resources, making the process less daunting and more empowering.

Bridging the Gap: From Celebrity Inspiration to Personal Empowerment

Vanessa’s public celebration of pregnancy naturally sparks curiosity about what paths lead to that joyful moment. For some, the answer lies in medical treatments. For others, it could be alternative approaches. And for many, it’s innovative at-home options like those offered by MakeAMom.

If you’re wondering whether at-home insemination could be right for you or your partner, consider these questions:

• Are you seeking a private, self-directed fertility journey?
• Do you want a cost-effective alternative to clinical insemination?
• Would a flexible, discreet solution ease your conception process?

If you answered yes, exploring options through reliable providers could be your next step.

Talking Openly About Fertility Choices

The conversation about fertility is evolving. It’s no longer taboo to discuss alternative methods openly or to seek solutions outside traditional clinics. As public figures like Vanessa Kirby proudly embrace pregnancy, they inadvertently encourage everyone to explore their personal choices without stigma.

Final Thoughts: Your Journey, Your Choice

Whether you’re inspired by celebrity pregnancies or driven by your own story, the most important truth remains: there’s no single path to parenthood. From clinical interventions to at-home insemination kits, technology and innovation have broadened the horizon.

If you’re exploring at-home fertility options, consider visiting MakeAMom’s website for comprehensive information on their products and user experiences. It might just be the empowering first step on your unique journey.

For more on Vanessa Kirby’s radiant pregnancy moment, check out the full article here: Pregnant Vanessa Kirby Shows Off Baby Bump on Red Carpet.

So, what’s your take? Are at-home fertility solutions something you’d consider, or have you already tried them? Share your thoughts and experiences below—because every story adds to the vibrant tapestry of paths to parenthood.